Legal separation is a legal process where a couple lives apart but remains married, providing a formal arrangement similar to divorce but without dissolving the marriage. It covers issues like child custody, support, spousal support, and division of property and debts. Unlike divorce, legal separation does not end the marriage, allowing couples to retain certain legal benefits like health insurance or tax advantages. The specifics of the process and the rights and obligations of each party vary by state, with some states requiring a separation agreement to outline terms, while others might mandate a period of separation before a divorce can be filed. Legal separation can serve as a trial period to see if reconciliation is possible or as a precursor to divorce, giving couples time to adjust to living apart while legally addressing their responsibilities and assets.